Chandra was biased towards Rohini and did not spend equal time with his other consorts and so the displeased women complained about their husband’s unfair treatment to their father, Daksha. The son of sage Atri and Anusuya was married to twenty-seven daughters of Prajapati Daksha who are all named after constellations. Chandra Illustration: Shivam PathaniaĬhandra is the moon god, and since Hinduism follows a Lunar Calendar, Chandra has always remained an important deity in the religion. Surya as a Navagraha embodies qualities such as leadership, ego, strength, authority and vitality of a person. The colour associated with the sun god is orange and gold, and to evoke the blessings of Surya one is asked to pray to the god by offering water to the deity by pouring it from a vessel. The day designated to Surya is Sunday, called Ravivaar in Hindi which literally translates to ‘Sun’s day’. The sun god is depicted seated on a chariot pulled by 7 horses, which is a symbolic way of representing the splitting of white sunlight into seven colours of the VIBGYOR spectrum. The God is often represented with four arms, out of which two hold lotuses, one holds a staff and another one has a chakra. The son of sage Kashyapa and Aditi is a prominent figure in Hinduism and is often considered on the same level as Indra in the hierarchy of the Devas. Rightly so, as the other members of the celestial group revolve around Surya. Surya, the God of the Sun is considered to be the leader amongst the Navagraha. Though not all members of the Navagraha are planets Surya, the sun is a star Chandra, the moon is the natural satellite of Earth Rahu and Ketu are lunar nodes that are responsible for eclipses of the sun and moon. This thorough study of astronomy and astrology eventually created the Jyotish Shastra which explained how the Navagraha, literally meaning the nine planets, influence the lives of the earth dwellers. When the Earth is furthest from the sun (aphelion), around July 2, the tidal ranges are reduced (Sumich, J.L., 1996 Thurman, H.V., 1994).Ancient Indian scholars extensively studied the stars and other celestial bodies in the never-ending spatial sky. When the Earth is closest to the sun (perihelion), which occurs about January 2 of each calendar year, the tidal ranges are enhanced. A similar situation occurs between the Earth and the sun. About two weeks later, when the moon is farthest from the Earth (at apogee), the lunar tide-raising force is smaller, and the tidal ranges are less than average. Once a month, when the moon is closest to the Earth (at perigee), tide-generating forces are higher than usual, producing above-average ranges in the tides. Because the moon follows an elliptical path around the Earth, the distance between them varies by about 31,000 miles over the course of a month. Just as the angles of the sun, moon and Earth affect tidal heights over the course of a lunar month, so do their distances to one another. During each lunar month, two sets of spring and two sets of neap tides occur. One week later, when the sun and moon are at right angles to each other, the solar tide partially cancels out the lunar tide and produces moderate tides known as neap tides. When the sun, moon, and Earth are in alignment (at the time of the new or full moon), the solar tide has an additive effect on the lunar tide, creating extra-high high tides, and very low, low tides - both commonly called spring tides. Together, the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun affect the Earth’s tides on a monthly basis.
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